①elephant
英 /'elɪf(ə)nt/

3'

美 /ˈɛləfənt/

3'

复数 elephants或elephant

n.
a heavy plant-eating mammal with a prehensile trunk, long curved ivory tusks, and large ears, native to Africa and southern Asia. It is the largest living land animal.

n. 象；大号图画纸

经希腊语elephas(象牙)、拉丁语、古法语elefant派生为英语elephant。




















②leopard
英 /'lepəd/

3'

美 /'lɛpɚd/

4'

复数：leopards或leopard


n.
a large solitary cat that has a fawn or brown coat with black spots and usually hunts at night, widespread in the forests of Africa and southern Asia

n. 豹；美洲豹

来自拉丁语leopardus,狮子豹，leo,狮子，pardos,黑豹。






















③hippopotamus
英 /ˌhɪpəˈpɒtəməs/

4'

美 /ˌhɪpəˈpɑtəməs/

4'

复数：hippopotamuses


n.
a large thick-skinned semiaquatic African mammal, with massive jaws and large tusks

n. [脊椎] 河马

希腊词根hippo-表示马，potam-表示河，这样hippopotamus字面意就是“river-horse”了。《圣经》(约伯记)中记载的 behemoth [bɪ'hiːmɒθ] n.巨兽；河马，adj.巨大的；高大的，据学者考证应该就是河马。实际生物学上河马与猪的关系比与马近多了。























④giraffe
英 /dʒɪˈrɑ:f/

4'

美 /dʒəˈræf; dʒəˈræf/

5'

复数： giraffes giraffe

1.tallest living quadruped; having a spotted coat and small horns and very long neck and legs; of savannahs of tropical Africa

n. 长颈鹿






















⑤fox
英 /fɒks/

4'

美 /fɑks/

4'

复数 foxes或fox


n. a carnivorous mammal of the dog family with a pointed muzzle and bushy tail,proverbial for its cunning

vt. 欺骗；使变酸
n. 狐狸；狡猾的人
vi. 假装；耍狡猾手段
n. (Fox)人名；(英、法、德、意、西、瑞典)福克斯


来自PIE*puk, 尾巴。因狐狸毛茸茸的大尾巴而得名。引申词义欺骗，迷糊，耍花招等。


词根：fox

adj.
foxy 狡猾的；赤褐色的；如狐的

n.
foxiness 狡猾；有褐斑；似狐性


短语
1.old fox 老狐狸；老油条

2.arctic fox n. 北极狐，白狐

3.silver fox [动]银狐

4.fox fur 狐皮

5.play fox 耍狡猾

6.little fox [天]狐狸座（等于Vulpecula）

7.blue fox 蓝狐；蓝狐皮

8.red fox （美）红狐狸；赤狐（体型最大、最常见的狐狸）；赤狐毛皮

9.megan fox 梅根·福克斯（女影星）

10.white fox 白狐，白狐狸

11.flying fox 果蝠，狐蝠

12.fox trot 狐步舞曲；狐步舞

13.fox spirit 狐狸精

























⑥coyote
US /ˈkaɪˌoʊt/

4'

UK /ˈkɔɪəʊt/

4'

复数：coyotes

n.
a wolf-like wild dog native to North America. Also called BRUSH WOLF or PRAIRIE WOLF in North America.

n.
丛林狼;非法移民偷运者






























⑦hedgehog
英 [ˈhɛdʒ(h)ɒɡ]

4'

美 [ˈhɛdʒˌhɔɡ]

4'

复数：hedgehogs

n.
a nocturnal insectivorous Old World mammal with a spiny coat and short legs, able to roll itself into a ball for defence

n.
刺猬


词源：hedge,树篱，hog,猪。比喻用法。



























⑧sheep
US /ʃip/

3'

UK /ʃiːp/

4'

n.
a domesticated ruminant mammal with a thick woolly coat and (typically only in the male) curving horns. It is kept in flocks for its wool or meat, and is proverbial for its tendency to follow others in the flock.

n.
羊;易受人摆布者;信徒;胆小鬼;缺乏主见或轻易盲从的人

短语
1.black sheep 败家子；害群之马

2.lost sheep 迷途羔羊（误入歧途的人）

3.sheep and goats 善人与恶人 （来自《圣经》）；好人与坏人

4.a flock of sheep 一群羊

5.sheep skin 绵羊毛皮

6.white sheep 白羊；坏人中的好人（与black sheep相对）

7.count sheep 数羊

8.sheep leather n. 绵羊皮，（绵）羊革

9.merino sheep 麦兰奴种绵羊

10.sheep are grazing 羊在吃草

11.a sheep among wolves 落入狼群的羊

12.sheep dog n. 牧羊犬；护羊狗

13.make sheep’s eyes at sb 用充满爱意的眼神看某人，向某人送秋波

14.like sheep 盲从，不独立思考



























⑨deer
英 /dɪə/

3'

美 /dɪr/

3'

复数：deer

n.
a hoofed grazing or browsing animal, with branched bony antlers that are shed annually and typically born only by the male

n. 鹿

来自PIE*dheu, 呼吸，水气，烟雾，词源同fume. 原指不确定的野生动物，后词义固定为鹿。参照animal, 动物，原义为呼吸，参照venison, 鹿肉，原指不确定的野生动物肉。











































小测








leopard
deer
fox
elephant
sheep
giraffe
coyote
hedgehog
hippopotamus








dog
walrus
kangaroo
goat
otter
chimpanzee
squirrel
mole
monkey
horse
raccon
ox
koala
pig
lion
cow
mouse
panda

































1. A frightened hedgehog contracts its body into a ball .

2.It had become an issue since the cloning of Dolly the sheep in Scotland.




9.Tourists were led around like sheep, from shrine to souvenir shop.

16.We must always go into the whys and wherefores of anything. On no account should we follow anyone like sheep.

答案：
1.hedgehog
2.sheep


9.sheep 游客就像羊群一般被领着一会儿到神庙，一会儿到纪念品商店。

16.sheep 我们对任何事情都要问一个为什么，绝对不应盲从任何人。