mammals
英 [ˈmæməlz]

5'

美 [ˈmæməlz]

4'

n. a warm-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that is distinguished by the possession of hair or fur, females that secrete milk for the nourishment of the young, and (typically) the birth of live young

n. 哺乳动物（ mammal的名词复数 ）

拉丁语mamma不但表“妈妈”，还有“乳房”的意思；由它产生拉丁语mammalis（乳房的）；瑞典博物学家林奈根据此拉丁语创造了术语Mammalia（哺乳类）；单词mammal就是该术语的简化。同源词还有mammary（乳房的）。此类单词可能是对婴儿吮吸乳汁的声音的模仿。










①squirrel
英 /'skwɪr(ə)l/

4'

美 /ˈskwɜ:rəl; skwɝ​əl/

4'

n. a small animal with a long thick tail and red, grey or black fur.Squirrels eat nuts and live in trees.

v. to hide or store sth so that it can be used later

复数 squirrels或squirrel
过去式 squirrelled或squirreled
过去分词 squirrelled或squirreled
现在分词 squirrelling或squirreling

n. 松鼠；松鼠毛皮
vt. 贮藏

squirrel 来自盎格鲁法语 esquirel,来自古法语 escurueil,来自拉丁语 sciurus,来自希腊语 skiouros,松鼠， 来自 skia,影子，词源同 sciophobia,影子恐惧症，oura,尾巴，屁股，词源同 arse.因松鼠巨大 的尾巴而得名。













②dog
英 [dɒɡ]

3'

美 [dɔɡ]

3'

过去分词：dogged 现在分词：dogging 过去式：dogged
第三人称单数：dogs 复数：dogs

n.
a domesticated carnivorous mammal that typically has a long snout, an acute sense of smell, non-retractile claws, and a barking, howling, or whining voice. It is widely kept as a pet or for work or field sports.

n.狗;讨厌的人;可鄙的人;邪恶的人;抓夹的机械装置;脚;防止马匹进入跑道特定区域的障碍物

v.跟踪;磨洋工;未尽全力;用机械装置抓


dog的词源是一个谜。英语hound(狗)和德语hund(狗)均来自于日耳曼语,dog出现于13世纪,到16世纪完全替代了hound;在欧洲各语言中均找不到英语dog的"宗亲",但英语dog却在16和17世纪被其它各语言借用,来表示各种各样的"狗",例如德语dogge(大狗,獒),法语dogue(猛犬)和瑞典语dogg(斗牛犬)。














③chimpanzee
英 [tʃɪmpanˈziː]

3'

美 [ˌtʃɪmˌpænˈzi]

3'

[变形]
复数：chimpanzees


n. a small intelligent African ape(= an animal like a large monkey without a tail)

n.黑猩猩

来自非洲安哥拉班图语，常缩写为chimp














④raccoon
英 [rəˈkuːn]

4'

美 [ræˈkun]

4'

[变形]
复数：raccoons

n. a greyish-brown American mammal which has a foxlike face with a black mask, a ringed tail, and the habit of washing its food in water

n. 浣熊

来自北美印第安土著语 arahkun,浣熊。拼写被俗化。














⑤pig
英 [pɪɡ]

3'

美 [pɪɡ]

3'

[变形]
过去分词：pigged 现在分词：pigging 过去式：pigged
第三人称单数：pigs 复数：pigs

n.
an omnivorous domesticated hoofed mammal with sparse bristly hair and a flat snout for rooting in the soil, kept for its meat

n.猪;生铁块;生铅锭。
v.贪婪地吃;像猪一样挤在一起;生小猪;操作清管器

来自中古英语pigge,猪，来自古英语*picga,猪，词源同picgbread,猪食。













⑥lion
英 [ˈlʌɪən]

3'

美 [ˈlaɪən]

3'

[变形]
复数：lions

n.
a large tawny-coloured cat that lives in prides, found in Africa and NW India. The male has a flowing shaggy mane and takes little part in hunting, which is done cooperatively by the females.

n.狮子

来自拉丁语leo,狮子。












⑦panda
英 [ˈpandə]

4'

美 [ˈpændə]

3'

n.
a large bear-like mammal with characteristic black-and-white markings, native to certain mountain forests in China. It feeds almost entirely on bamboo and has become increasingly rare.

n.大熊猫

来自法语panda,小熊猫，小猫熊，借自尼泊尔语，原指尼泊尔一种浣熊状的哺乳动物。后在20世纪初中国四川首次发现大熊猫后，由该词创造新词Giant Panda,来指大熊猫，最后该词小写并通用化。













⑧walrus
英 [ˈwɔːlrəs]

5'

美 [ˈwɔlrəs]

4'

[变形]
复数：walruses

n.
a large gregarious marine mammal related to the eared seals, having two large downward-pointing tusks and found in the Arctic Ocean

n.
海象













⑨ox
英 [ɒks]

4'

美 [ɑks]

4'

复数 oxen

n.
a domesticated bovine animal kept for milk or meat; a cow or bul

n.牛;母牛;公牛

来自古英语oxa,公牛。其复数为oxen,比较children.














⑩otter
英 [ˈɒtə]

4'

美 [ˈɑtər]

4'

n.
a semiaquatic fish-eating mammal of the weasel family, with an elongated body, dense fur, and webbed feet

n.水獭;浮钩具

来自古英语otor,来自Proto-Germanic*utraz,来自PIE*udros,水生物，来自PIE*wed,水，词源同water,hydra.