参考原文：
In Dec 2016, the tiny island Malta became the first european country(nation) to outlaw the gay conversion therapy.
2016年12月，小岛国家马耳他成为欧洲第一个将“同性恋矫正治疗”视为违法。

Measures to restrict this controversial practice have been introduced in half of all US states, as evidence increasingly shows that it causes serious medical and psychological harm.
在美国近半数的州都禁止这样有争议的方法，因为不断的有证据显示这种治疗方法会造成严重的医疗和心理伤害。

Yet it still occurs here in the US and aroud the world. So what excatly is the gay conversion theropy?
然后它仍然在美国和世界各地存在。那么什么是同性恋矫正治疗呢？

Well, the gay conversion theropy is any treatment that aims to turn gay, lesbian or transgender individuals into heterosexuals.
同性恋矫正治疗就是任何一种治疗方法可以将男同性恋、女同性恋或者变性者转变为异性恋者。

The patient are may predominantly minors or young adults, many of them are forced or presured into theropy.
患者通常是未成年人或者青壮年，她们大部分人都会因为压力被迫进行治疗。

Attempts at guy conversion are performed by medical professionals, religious leaders or counselors and usually involved of variety of behavioral, congnitive phycological trainning, including electric shock therapy.
支持矫正同性恋的人一般都是医疗专家，地方领袖或者议员。而且通常治疗包括各种行为的，认知心理的训练，甚至还包括电击。

But the severity of these treatments depends on where you are.
治疗的残酷程度各地不一样。

In south africa for example, the homosexual men and boys are known to be forced into conversion camps. Where they are subjected to hard labor for the purpose of instilling masculinity.
比如在南非，男性同性恋不管是成年男子还是男孩，众所周知都会被送到性取向矫正营。在那里他们会被要求做繁重的体力劳动目的是为了增强男子气概。

Conditions are reportedly so harsh that in 2011, they led to death of a 15-year-old boy.(South Affrican Teens Die After Alleged Abuse At Reported Gay "conversion" camp)
在2011年，据报道称环境太过于残酷，导致一名15岁男孩儿的死亡。

Similar camps in US, but in general, gay conversion in the US is far than severe.
Usually involveing comprehensive talk therapy,seminars, weekend retreats or rehabilitation and it typically does not involve inhuman medical procedures.
类似这样的矫正营在美国也有，只是程度上远没有那么严重。通常都会包含深入谈话，研讨会，周末静修或改造。通常不会有非人道的治疗手段。

The basis for modern gay conversion therapy began in the 1920s when homosexuality was widely believed to be a physical birth defect.
现代性取向矫正治疗的基础源于1920年代，那个时候同性恋被普遍认为是一种出生缺陷。

Accordingly, the earlist form of conversion therapy was to remove one testicle from a gay man and replace it with a heterosexual donor's testicle.
早期的治疗方法是将一个男同性恋的一个睾丸替换成另一个异性恋者捐赠的睾丸。

When this proved to be both ineffective and harmful, psychiatrists and medical professionals, like Sigmund Freud, began to the classify homosexuality as a mental disorder treatable with psychotherapy and medication.
当这种方法被证明无效且有害的时候，精神病专家和医疗专家比如弗洛伊德，开始将同性恋行为视为精神疾病，且适用于心理治疗和药物治疗。

Freud later concluded that homosexuality was not an illness and publicly disouraged any treatment of it.
弗洛伊德随后又得出同性恋不是疾病的结论，并公开反对针对同性恋者进行矫正治疗。

But by the 1950s, behavioral therapies including treatments like electric shock, hypnosis became widely accepted treatments for homosexuality.
但是直到1950年代，行为治疗包括像电击、催眠被广泛接受用于同性恋的治疗中。

Many psycologists believed that asscociating homosexual acts with pain, sickness and embarrassment would eventually make them unappealing to patients.
许多心理学家相信将同性恋行为和疼痛、疾病和尴尬联系在一起，能让病人不被同性恋行为所以吸引。

But in early 1970s, these theories slowly lost credibility.
但是直到1970年代，这样的理论慢慢失去了公信力。

Psychiatrists released studies that showed homosexual had no developmental inferiority when compare to heterosexuals lessening the belief that homosexuality
was a fact disease.
(behavior therapists tried a variety of aversion treatments, such as including nausea, vomiting, or paralysis...when the individual became aroused to same-sex erotic images or thoughts.)
心理学家公布研究说同性恋在与异性恋做对比时，并没有发展上的劣势。同时应把同性恋现象看做是疾病的这种看法慢慢减弱。

In 1973, the American Psychiatric Association removed homosexuality from its Mannual of Mental Dsioders and since publicly discredited conversion therapy, erging health proffesionals to inform their patients of its harm and fraudulence.(The American Psychiatric Association opposes any psychiatric treatment, such as "reparative" or conversion therapy.)
在1973年，APA把同性恋从精神疾病手册中删除，并公开对矫正治疗提出怀疑。催促健康专家通知她们的病人关于这种治疗所带来的危害和欺骗性。

In fact , the human right campaign states that conversion therapy on minors can lead to an increased risk of deprssion, anxiety, drug use, homelessness, and even suicide.
事实上，人权运动表示对未成年进行矫正治疗可能会让他们抑郁、紧张、滥用药物、无家可归甚至是自杀。

But dispite how inhumane and ineffective the practice is, it is stll legal in most of the world.(US:california, oregon, illinois, vermont, washington d.c, new jersey)
Five us states and two canadian provinces do outlaw gay conversion for minors.
但是尽管这样的治疗方法既不人道也没有效果，但是在世界很多地方他依然是合法的。 美国的五个州和加拿大的两个省规定把对未成年人的性取向矫正视为违法。
Although conversion therapy's negative effects continue to come to light, and it may be a long time until the western world bans the practice altogether.
尽管矫正治疗的负面影响正在慢慢浮出水面，但是要让西方世界国家一起禁止这样的手段依然需要很长时间。

Homophobia has a lot of negative side effects, but did you know that it can impact your health as well? research shows people who are prejudicted against the LGBTQ community will die sooner than those who don't. Find about the science by watching this DNews video, who are prejudicted against the LGBTQ community will die 2.5 year earlier than an equally healthy person of the same age.
对同性恋的厌恶和恐惧会带来大量的负面影响，但是你是否知道这会影响你的健康？研究表明，对LGBTQ人群带有偏见的团体，将比没有偏见的人活的更短。如果想看科学依据请看DNews.
那些对LGBTQ人群带有偏见的团体普遍比同龄健康人群少活2.5年。

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